online talks

(full list available on YouTube)

Ancestral photoreceptor diversity as the basis of visual behaviour
UCL, departmental seminar. 01/11/2024
The retinal basis of vision in birds
Montreal University Seminar Series. 13/01/2023.
Principles of colour processing
FASEB Conference on Retinal Neurobiology, MA, USA. 22/06/2022.

external profiles

Google Scholar.
ORCID 0000-0003-2808-4210

posters

Conference posters (full archive).

preprints

Nanodiamonds for spatial resolution benchmarking in two-photon microscopy.
Janiak FK§, Forsthofer M, Czubek J, Szczerska M, Baden T.
bioRxiv. pdf.
Categorical Distributions are Effective Neural Network Outputs for Event Prediction.
Doran K§, Baden T.
arXiv. pdf.

2026

Evolution of the vertebrate retina by repurposing of a composite ancestral median eye.
Kafetzis G§, Bok M§, Baden T§*, Nilsson D-E§*.
Current Biology 36(4), PR153–R170. pdf.
A heterogeneous population code at the first synapse of vision.
Herzog T§, Yoshimatsu T, Moya Diaz J, James B, Lagnado L§*, Baden T§*.
Nature Communications (2026). pdf.

2025

Zebrafish use spectral information to suppress the visual background.
Fornetto C§, Euler T, Baden T§.
Cell 188:1–17. pdf.
A standardized nomenclature for the rods and cones of the vertebrate retina.
Baden T§, Angueyra JM, Bosten JM, Collin SP, Conway B, Cortesi F, Dedek K, Euler T, Novales Flamarique I, Franklin A, Haverkamp S, Kelber A, Neuhauss SCF, Li W, Lucas R, Osorio DC, Shekhar K, Tommasini D, Yoshimatsu T, Corbo JC.
PLoS Biology 23(5):e3003157. pdf.
Comparative transcriptomic insights into the evolution of vertebrate photoreceptor types.
Tommasini D§, Yoshimatsu T§, Puthussery T§, Baden T§, Shekhar K§.
Current Biology 35:1–12. pdf.

2024

Distance function for spike prediction.
Doran K§, Seifert M, Yovanovich CAM, Baden T.
Proceedings of the 41st International Conference on Machine Learning (PMLR) 235:11474–11500. pdf.
Ancient origin of the rod bipolar cell pathway in the vertebrate retina.
Hellevik AM*, Mardoum P*, Hahn J, Kolsch Y, D’Orazi FD, Suzuki SC, Godinho L, Lawrence O, Rieke F, Shekhar K, Sanes JR, Baier H, Baden T, Wong RO, Yoshimatsu T§.
Nature Ecology & Evolution. pdf.
The vertebrate retina: A window into the evolution of computation in the brain.
Baden T§.
Current Opinion in Behavioural Sciences 57 (2024):101391. pdf.
New twists in the evolution of retinal direction selectivity.
Yoshimatsu T, Baden T§.
PLoS Biology. pdf.
Ancestral Photoreceptor Diversity as the basis of Visual Behaviour.
Baden T§.
Nature Ecology & Evolution (2024). pdf.
From Water to Land: Evolution of Photoreceptor Circuits for Vision in Air.
Baden T§.
PLoS Biology 22(1):e3002422. pdf.
A microRNA that controls the emergence of embryonic movement.
Menzies JAC, Chagas AM, Baden T, Alonso CR§.
eLife.
Restoration of Cone Circuit Functionality in the Regenerating Adult Zebrafish Retina.
Abraham E, Hartmann H, Yoshimatsu T, Baden T, Brand M§.
Developmental Cell 59:1–13. pdf.

2023

Birds multiplex spectral and temporal visual information via retinal On- and Off-channels.
Seifert M§, Roberts PA, Kafetzis G, Osorio D§, Baden T§.
Nature Communications 14, 5308 (2023). pdf.
Cephalopod-omics: Emerging Field and Technologies in Cephalopod Biology.
Baden T, Briseño J, Coffing G, [+48 authors, alphabetical], Simakov O§, Albertin C§.
Integrative and Comparative Biology icad087.
Amacrine cells differentially balance zebrafish colour circuits in the central and peripheral retina.
Wang X§, Roberts PA, Yoshimatsu T, Lagnado L§*, Baden T§*.
Cell Reports 42:112055. pdf.

2022

Center-surround interactions underlie bipolar cell motion sensing in the mouse retina.
Strauss S*, Korympidou MM*, Ran Y, Franke K, Schubert T, Baden T, Berens P, Euler T§ and Vlasits AL§.
Nature Communications. pdf.
Is our retina really upside down?
Baden T and Nilsson DE.
Current Biology 32(7):R300–R303. pdf.
Non-Telecentric Two-photon Microscopy for 3D Random Access Mesoscale Imaging.
Janiak FK§, Bartel P, Bale M, Yoshimatsu T, Komulainen EH, Zhou M, Staras K, Prieto Godino LL, Euler T, Maravall M, Baden T§.
Nature Communications (2022) 13:544. pdf.

2021

Spectral inference reveals principal cone-integration rules of the zebrafish inner retina.
Bartel P, Yoshimatsu T, Janiak FK, Baden T§.
Current Biology 31:1–13. pdf.
Ancestral circuits for vertebrate colour vision emerge at the first retinal synapse.
Yoshimatsu T, Bartel P, Schroeder C, Janiak FK, St-Pierre F, Berens P, Baden T$.
Science Advances 7(24):eabj6815. pdf.
Distinct Synaptic Transfer Functions in Same-Type Photoreceptors.
Schroeder C$, Oesterle J, Berens P*, Yoshimatsu T*, Baden T*$.
eLife 10:e67851. pdf.
Circuit-Mechanisms for Colour Vision in Zebrafish.
Baden T$.
Current Biology 31(12):PR807–R820. pdf.
Spherical arena reveals optokinetic response tuning to stimulus location, size and frequency across entire visual field of larval zebrafish.
Dehmelt FA, Meier R, Hinz J, Yoshimatsu T, Simacek CA, Huang R, Wang K, Baden T, Arrenberg A§.
eLife 10:e63355. pdf.
Two decades of neuroscience publication trends in Africa.
Maina MB$, Ahmad U, Ibrahim HA, Hamidu SK, Nasr FE, Salihu AT, Abushouk AI, Abdurrazak M, Awadelkareem MA, Amin A, Imam A, Akinrinade ID, Yakubu AH, Azeez IA, Yunusa GM, Adamu AA, Ibrahim HB, Bukar AM, Yaro AU, Prieto-Godino LL$ and Baden T$.
Nature Communications 12:3429. pdf.

2020

LED Zappelin’: An open source LED controller for arbitrary spectrum visual stimulation and optogenetics during 2-photon imaging.
Zimmermann MJY§, Chagas AM, Bartel P, Pop S, Prieto Godino LL, Baden T§.
HardwareX e00127. pdf.
TReND in Africa: Towards a Truly Global (Neuro)science Community.
Baden T§, Maina MB, Maia Chagas A, Mohammed YG, Auer TO, Silbering A, von Tobel L, Pertin M, Hartig R, Aleksic J, Akinrinade I, Awadelkareem MA, Koumoundourou A, Jones A, Arieti F, Beale A, Munch D, Cury Salek S, Yusuf S, Prieto Godino LL§.
Neuron 107(3):412–416. pdf.
Zebrafish Retinal Ganglion Cells Asymmetrically Encode Spectral and Temporal Information Across Visual Space.
Zhou M*, Bear J*, Roberts PA, Janiak FK, Semmelhack J, Yoshimatsu T, Baden T§.
Current Biology 30:2927–2942. pdf.
Editorial for special issue on “Vertebrate Vision: Lessons from Non-Model Species”.
Baden T§. (2020).
Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology. doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.05.028. pdf. The full special issue can be accessed here.
Fovea-like Photoreceptor Specializations Underlies Single UV Cone Driven Prey-Capture Behaviour in Zebrafish.
Yoshimatsu T§, Schroeder C, Nevala NE, Berens P, Baden T§.
Neuron 107:1–18. pdf. Primer.
Leveraging Open Hardware to Alleviate the Burden of COVID-19 on Global Health Systems.
Chagas AM§, Molloy JC, Prieto Godino LL, Baden T.
PLoS Biology e3000730. pdf.
Understanding the retinal basis of vision across species.
Baden T§, Euler T, Berens P.
Nature Reviews Neuroscience. doi:10.1038/s41583-019-0242-1. pdf.

2019

Studying a light sensor with light: multiphoton imaging in the retina.
Euler T§, Franke K, Baden T.
In Multiphoton Microscopy, Neuromethods book series (148), Springer Nature, pp. 225–250. pdf.
An arbitrary-spectrum spatial visual stimulator for vision research.
Franke K*, Chagas AM*, Zhao Z, Zimmermann MJY, Bartel P, Qiu Y, Szatko K, Baden T, Euler T§.
eLife 8:e48779. pdf.
Motion Vision: A new Mechanism in the Mammalian Retina.
Vlasits A§ and Baden T§.
Current Biology 29(19):933–935. pdf.
A low-cost hyperspectral scanner for natural imaging above and under water.
Nevala NE§ and Baden T§.
Scientific Reports 9:10799. pdf.
The Retinal Basis of Vertebrate Color Vision.
Baden T§ and Osorio D§.
Annual Review of Vision Science 5. pdf.
African Neuroscience on the Global Stage: Nigeria as a Model.
Maina MB§, Yunusa MG, Bukar AM, Ahmad U, Salihu AT, Ibrahim HA, Muhammad A, Hamidu SK, Yaro AU, Awadelkareem MA, and Baden T.
European Journal of Neuroscience, doi:10.1111/ejn.14372. pdf.

2018

Spikeling: a low-cost hardware implementation of a spiking neuron for neuroscience teaching and outreach.
Baden T§, James B, Zimmermann M, Bartel P, Griseels D, Lagnado L* and Maravall M*.
PLoS Biology. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.2006760. pdf.
Haves and have nots must find a better way: the case for open scientific hardware.
Chagas AM (2018).
PLoS Biology. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3000014.
Zebrafish differentially process colour across visual space to match natural scenes.
Zimmermann MJY*, Nevala NE*, Yoshimatsu T*, Osorio D, Nilsson DE, Berens P, Baden T§.
Current Biology 28:1–15. pdf. Dispatch.
The Functional Organization of Vertebrate Retinal Circuits for Vision.
Baden T§, Schubert T, Berens P, Euler T.
In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Neuroscience. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780190264086. pdf.

2017

Local signals in mouse horizontal cell dendrites.
Chapot CA, Behrens C, Rogerson LE, Baden T, Pop S, Berens P, Euler T§, Schubert T§.
Current Biology 27:1–13. pdf.
The 100 Euro Lab: A 3-D Printable Open Source Platform For Fluorescence Microscopy, Optogenetics And Accurate Temperature Control During Behaviour Of Zebrafish, Drosophila And C. elegans.
Chagas AM§, Prieto Godino LL, Arrenberg AB and Baden T§.
PLoS Biology. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.2002702. pdf.
Openspritzer: an open hardware pressure ejection system for reliably delivering picolitre volumes.
Forman CJ§, Tomes H, Mbobo B, Burman RJ, Jacobs M, Baden T§, Raimondo JV§.
Scientific Reports 7:2188. pdf.
General features of inhibition in the inner retina.
Franke K and Baden T.
Journal of Physiology. doi:10.1113/JP273648. pdf.
Visual Neuroscience: A Retinal Ganglion Cell to Report Image Focus?
Baden T, Schaeffel F and Berens P.
Current Biology. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2016.12.022. pdf.
Inhibition decorrelates visual feature representations in the inner retina.
Franke K*, Berens P*, Schubert T, Bethge M, Euler T§, Baden T§.
Nature. doi:10.1038/nature21394. pdf. News and Views.

2016

Retinal Physiology: Non-Bipolar-Cell Excitatory Drive in the Inner Retina.
Baden T and Euler T.
Current Biology 26(15):706–708. pdf.
Computational Neuroscience: Species Specific Motion Detectors.
Euler T and Baden T.
Nature. doi:10.1038/nature18454. pdf.
Benchmarking spike rate inference in population calcium imaging.
Theis L, Berens P§, Froudarakis E, Reimer J, Roman Roson M, Baden T, Euler T, Tolias AS, Bethge M.
Neuron 90(3):471–482. pdf.
The functional diversity of mouse retinal ganglion cells.
Baden T*, Berens P*, Franke K*, Roman Roson M, Bethge M, Euler T§.
Nature. doi:10.1038/nature16468. pdf. F1000 recommendations [1] [2]

2015

Imaging Ca2+ dynamics in cone photoreceptor axon terminals of the mouse retina.
Kulkarni MM, Schubert T, Baden T, Wissinger B, Euler T, Paquet-Durand F§.
Journal of Visualized Experiments (99). doi:10.3791/52588.
Open Labware – 3D printing your own lab equipment.
Baden T§, Chagas AM, Gage G, Marzullo T, Prieto Godino LL, Euler T.
PLoS Biology 13(3):e1002086. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002086. pdf.

2014

A synaptic mechanism for temporal filtering of visual signals.
Baden T*, Nikolaev A*, Esposti F, Dreosti E, Odermatt B and Lagnado L§. (2014).
PLoS Biology 12(10):e1001972. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001972. pdf. Supplementary [1] [2] [3] [4] [Primer by Suh & Baccus].
Retinal Bipolar cells: Elementary building blocks of vision.
Euler T§, Haverkamp S, Schubert T and Baden T. (2014).
Nature Reviews Neuroscience 15:507–519. pdf. Supplementary [1] [2].

2013

A Tale of Two Retinal Domains: Near Optimal Sampling of Achromatic Contrasts in Natural Scenes Through Asymmetric Photoreceptor Distribution.
Baden T*, Schubert T*, Chang L, Wei T, Zaichuk M, Wissinger B and Euler T§. (2013).
Neuron 80:1206–1217. pdf. Supplementary [1].
Bridging the Gap: Establishing the Necessary Infrastructure and Knowledge for Teaching and Research in Neuroscience in Africa.
Yusuf S, Baden T and Prieto Godino LL. (2013).
Metabolic Brain Disease. doi:10.1007/s11011-013-9443-x. pdf.
Early Vision: Where (Some of) the Magic Happens.
Baden T and Euler T. (2013).
Current Biology 23(24):1096–1098. pdf.
Spikes and Ribbon Synapses in Early Vision.
Baden T§, Euler T, Weckström M and Lagnado L. (2013).
Trends in Neurosciences 36(8):480–488. pdf.
Spikes in Mammalian Bipolar Cells Support Temporal Layering of the Inner Retina.
Baden T§, Berens P, Bethge M and Euler T. (2013).
Current Biology 23(1):48–52. pdf. Supplementary [1].

2012

GABA(A) receptors containing the α2 subunit are critical for direction-selective inhibition in the retina.
Auferkorte ON, Baden T, Kaushalya SK, Zabouri N, Rudolph U, Haverkamp S and Euler T§. (2012).
PLoS One 7(4):e35109. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0035109. pdf.

2011

Spikes in retinal bipolar cells code visual stimuli with millisecond precision.
Baden T, Esposti F, Nikolaev A and Lagnado L§. (2011).
Current Biology 21:1–11. pdf. Supplementary [1].
In vivo evidence that retinal bipolar cells generate spikes modulated by light.
Dreosti E*, Esposti F*, Baden T and Lagnado L§. (2011).
Nature Neuroscience 14(8):951–952. pdf. Supplementary [1].
Zebrafish Tg(7.2mab21l2:EGFP) Transgenics reveal a Unique Population of Retinal Amacrine Cells.
Cederlund ML, Morrissey ME, Baden T, Scholz D, Vendrell V, Lagnado L, Connaughton VP and Kennedy BN§. (2011).
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science 52(3):1613–1621. pdf.

2010 and earlier

Primary Afferent Depolarisation and Frequency Processing in Auditory Afferents.
Baden T and Hedwig B§. (2010).
Journal of Neuroscience 30(44):14862–14869. pdf.
Dynamics of free intracellular Ca2+ during synaptic and spike activity of cricket tibial motoneurons.
Baden T and Hedwig B§. (2009).
European Journal of Neuroscience 29(7):1357–1368. pdf.
Front leg movements and tibial motoneurons underlying auditory steering in the cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus deGeer).
Baden T and Hedwig B§. (2008).
Journal of Experimental Biology 211(13):2123–2133. pdf.
Neurite-specific Ca2+ dynamics underlying sound processing in an auditory interneurone.
Baden T and Hedwig B§. (2007).
Developmental Neurobiology 67(1):68–80. pdf.
Mutational and expression analysis of the reelin pathway components CDK5 and doublecortin in gangliogliomas.
Becker AJ, Klein H, Baden T, Aigner L, Normann S, Elger CE, Schramm J, Wiestler OD and Blumcke I§. (2002).
Acta Neuropathologica 104(4):403–408. pdf.
Focal cortical dysplasia of Taylor’s balloon cell type: mutational analysis of the TSC1 gene indicates a pathogenic relationship to tuberous sclerosis.
Becker AJ, Urbach H, Scheffler B, Baden T, Normann S, Lahl R, Pannek HW, Tuxhorn I, Elger CE, Schramm J, Wiestler OD and Blumcke I§. (2002).
Annals of Neurology 52(1):29–37. pdf.

PhD theses

Vision at the origin of vertebrate life (pre-viva version).
George Kafetzis (2025). pdf.
Zebrafish Bipolar Cells: Exploiting Ancestral Cone-Type Diversity to Build Complex Spatiochromatic Encoding (pre-viva version).
Simen Bruoygard (2025). pdf.
Information encoding at the first synapse of vision.
Tessa Herzog (2023). pdf.
A Red Herring in the Zebrafish Retina: Regional Specialisations among Retinal Ganglion Cells in the Zebrafish Larva Linked to Chromatic Encoding of Prey Stimuli.
John Bear (2022). pdf.
What the fish’s eye tells the fish’s brain: functional complement of zebrafish retinal ganglion cells.
Mingyi Zhou (2021). pdf.
Zebrafish Colour Vision: A survey of spectral processing in the zebrafish visual system.
Philipp Bartel (2021). pdf.
Chromatic processing in the zebrafish inner retina: Bipolar cell physiology and open hardware designs for spectrally accurate stimulation under two-photon.
Maxime Y Zimmermann (2021). pdf.
Mapping the natural visual world of the zebrafish (Danio rerio): from sensory input to behavioural output.
Noora E Nevala (2020). pdf.
Open Neuroscience: Challenging scientific barriers with open source hardware.
Andre Maia Chagas (2020). pdf. (from Tuebingen, /w Thomas Euler)
Functional characterisation of the excitatory pathways in the mouse inner retina.
Katrin Franke (2016). pdf. (from Tuebingen, /w Thomas Euler)

Other

Nature / Eppendorf Prize Interview and media.
Link. Nature Podcast. Interview published in Nature (2017).
Open Source Toolkit.
Maia Chagas A and Baden T (2015). PLoS Blogs. link.
Habilitation thesis. Nonlinearities in early vision.
Baden T. pdf.
Neurowissenschaften in Afrika – Kooperationen und Perspektiven.
Baden T, et al. (2013). Neuroforum 2:73–74. pdf.
Motorische Kontrolle der akustischen Orientierung von Grillen.
Baden T, Zorovic M and Hedwig B. (2008). Neuroforum 4:267–273.
PhD thesis. Activity Patterns and Calcium Dynamics of Sensory Interneurons and Motoneurons of the Cricket Auditory Pathway.
Baden T. (2008). (Supervisor: B Hedwig, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge). pdf.
Analysing the neuronal computer.
Baden T. (2007). ßluesci 8:1. doc.